UJI AKTIVITAS HIPNOTIK-SEDATIF EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAUN PATIKAN KEBO (Euphorbia hirta Linn) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN GALUR SWISS WEBSTER

Sleep disorders such as insomnia are common health issues that significantly impact quality of life. Pharmacological therapies using hypnotic-sedative drugs often cause side effects, highlighting the need for alternative treatments derived from natural sources. One plant with potential hypnotic-sedative properties is patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.). This study aimed to evaluate the hypnotic-sedative activity of 70% ethanol extract of patikan kebo leaves in male Swiss Webster mice. The extract was obtained through maceration using 70% ethanol and subsequently analyzed for phytochemical content and standardization. The hypnotic-sedative activity was tested in vivo using the rotarod test and by observing the onset and duration of sleep following phenobarbital induction. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, quinones, and steroids/triterpenoids. A dose of 400 mg/kgBW demonstrated the most significant hypnotic-sedative activity, indicated by the highest number of falls (11.75 times), the fastest sleep onset (17.25 minutes), and the longest sleep duration (270 minutes) compared to the control group. In conclusion, the 70% ethanol extract of patikan kebo leaves shows promising potential as a natural hypnotic-sedative agent, with 400 mg/kgBW being the most effective dose.