Prevalence of large-for-gestational-age and macrosomia newborns in South China, 2014–2021: a large population-based cross-sectional study

Between 2014 and 2021, the overall birth rate in southern China showed a declining trend, while the prevalence of large for gestational age (LGA) and macrosomia increased. The liberalization of China's birth policy, coupled with the rise in advanced maternal and paternal ages, contributed to the higher rates of LGA and macrosomia. Additionally, most LGA infants may be born at an earlier gestational age. LGA and macrosomia are more commonly observed in winter, with birth peaks occurring at the beginning of the following year.