Pharmaco-microbiological features of comorbidity at inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

Objective: comprehensive assessment of the clinical characteristics and microbiocenosis of the pharynx and palatine tonsils in patients with chronic compensated tonsillitis (CCT) in combination with chronic pharyngitis (CP). Materials and methods: the study included 238 patients of both sexes with CCT and CP, who were divided into 3 groups: group I (n=79) — patients with signs of inflammation mainly in the tonsils; group II (n=97) — patients with manifestations of inflammation mainly in the mucous membrane of the pharynx; group III (n=62) — persons with clinical signs of exacerbation of CCT and CP equally. The study included: clinical examination, bacteriological analysis with isolation, identification and counting of the number of microorganisms in the microbial focus. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out on a personal computer using the Statistica 10.0. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results: the occurrence of resident microorganisms was lower in group III (p<0.05); coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. were more often recorded in groups II and III of patients, while in group III significantly more often than in group II (p<0.05); fungi of the genus Candida were detected more often in groups II and III than in group I (p<0.05). In all groups, movement of the transient β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. was observed. in permanent types: their concentration of 106 or more was observed in the examined patients in all three groups, amounting to 77.7%, 80.4% and 91.7%, respectively. In all study groups, from 20.9% to 46.7% of the studied microbiocenoses were associations of 3-4 components, and monocultures were statistically significantly more common in group I. In 57.14% and 52.3% of cases, respectively, multiple resistance to antibacterial and antifungal drugs was recorded. Conclusions: the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiocenoses of the pharynx and palatine tonsils in patients with CT with CP differs depending on the clinical manifestation of this comorbidity. Microorganisms growing in the pharynx and tonsils of patients with CCT and CP are characterized by high resistance, often multiple, to antimicrobial drugs. The results obtained during this study confirm the need to search for and introduce into medical practice new antibacterial drugs for effective pharmacotherapy combination of CT with CP.