Urine cadmium and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: results from the Chang Gung Research Database
This study demonstrated that Cd exposure, even at relatively low levels, was significantly associated with increased risks of cardiovascular morbidity, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.The risk increase exhibited an approximately linear relationship with U-Cd concentration up to around 1.3 μg/g creatinine, beyond which it plateaued.The increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events associated with Cd exposure was consistent across all evaluated subgroups, including never-smokers, ever-smokers, and both sexes.
Authors
- Pao‐Hsien Chu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-6348)
- Yu-Ching Wang
- Tzung-Hai Yen
- Shing‐Hsien Chou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6545-6514)
- Chia-Pin Lin
Institutions
- Chang Gung University (TW)
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (TW)
- Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (TW)
- Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (TW)
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
- Published
- 2025-07-12
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf413
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.40
Funders
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Chang Gung Medical Foundation
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou
- Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Center for Big Data Analytics, University of Texas at Austin