Over-Visitation and Human-Elephant Conflict in Block 01 of Yala National Park, Sri Lanka (2020-2024)

In Sri Lanka, the relationship between humans, elephants, and national parks has evolved into a complex dynamic, particularly in Block-01 of Yala National Park. Since 2020, a dramatic increase in tourist footfall and an overload of safari vehicles have led to severe management challenges, particularly in balancing ecological preservation with tourism. This paper explores over-visitation as a central factor contributing to Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) in and around YB-01. Data were gathered using participant observation, in-depth interviews, and purposive sampling, and were analysed through content analysis, and Microsoft Excel. It is evident that excessive human presence causes stress among elephants, prompting their migration into nearby villages, where they face increased risks and provoke conflict. In my view, this suggests an urgent need for sustainable tourism policies and decentralized visitation strategies to safeguard both wildlife and community interests.