The Role of Nutrition in Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Elderly Patients

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition that primarily affects older adults, leading to joint inflammation and systemic complications. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary interventions in managing this disease. Existing literatures indicate a significant prevalence of malnutrition within this population, which is often exacerbated by factors such as sarcopenia, frailty, and comorbidities. This review discusses the anti-inflammatory effects of specific diets, notably the Mediterranean and plant-based dietary patterns, which are rich in monounsaturated fats, omega-3 fatty acids, dietary fiber, and antioxidants. These diets have shown promise in reducing inflammation and improving joint function. However, barriers such as food insecurity and limited nutritional knowledge complicate their implementation. Emerging strategies, including personalized nutrition on the basis of individual health profiles, offer potential pathways for enhancing RA management. Addressing these nutritional barriers and improving assessment tools are essential for integrating effective dietary strategies into comprehensive care plans for older adults with RA. Future research should focus on tailored interventions that consider the unique needs of this population.