Effect of Aeration, Sedimentation, Treatment and Filters on Wastewater Quality of Duhok City and Suitability for Irrigation

This study examined the effects of aeration, sedimentation, treatment procedures, and three different types of filters (sand, sawdust, and coal) on the chemical and physical characteristics of wastewater in the Duhok city channel before and after cure with the purpose of reporting whether the wastewater quality was suitable for irrigation in the Duhok governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan region. The study was carried out at 15 of the September month. The results showed that the processes of aeration, sedimentation, treatment with sulfates of aluminum, and filtration lead to increased pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) with the appropriate limits for irrigation and a decrease in most of the other characteristics undesirable of wastewater irrigation, but at different rates for each filter. The high superiority of decrease was shown for the coal filter, as it reduced (18) properties, while the sand filter reduced (6) characteristics like (HCO3, Zn, Sp, Turbidity, TSS, and Total nitrogen). The influence of sawdust filters to remove the pollutants compared to coal and sand was weak, as it affected only two properties permeability index (PI) and soluble sodium percentage (SSP). The information gathered demonstrated that wastewater treatment procedures had a major impact on both color and odor; following treatment, the wastewater's color changed from grey-black to colorless, and its odor also changed from unpleasant to odorless. All processes cannot reduce biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen, and manganese to desired irrigation limits.