Numerical Simulation Analysis of Shape Factor of Arched PV Power Station

With the continuous increase in demand for renewable energy and the rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) technology, arched PV power stations have emerged as an innovative design. Their unique exterior design demonstrates unique potential in improving energy efficiency and adapting to complex terrains. To study the wind load characteristics of arched PV power stations, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology is utilized. This approach examines the influence of incoming flow wind angle, rise-span ratio, and surrounding closure and openness on surface wind pressure distribution and the shape factor of these structures based on a rigid model. Relevant data from the Load Code for the Design of Building Structures serves as a reference to propose recommendations for valuing the shape factor of wind load applicable to arched PV power stations. The results indicate that the wind load on an open arched PV power station is mainly influenced by wind suction, with the positive pressure zone appearing only in a small area at the front edge of the windward section. As the wind angle increases, the shape factor of wind load for arched PV power stations with low rise-span ratios (0.05 and 0.1) gradually decreases, with a 0° angle being the most unfavorable. In contrast, the shape factor of wind load for arched PV power stations with high rise-span ratios (0.2 and 0.5) exhibits a variation pattern of increasing before decreasing. A well-designed arch can significantly reduce the wind pressure on the structure, thereby enhancing the power generation efficiency of the PV power station and increasing the economic benefits per watt. In practical engineering design, numerical simulation can be utilized to predict and verify shape factors under different design schemes, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of PV power stations. Through precise numerical simulation analysis, this paper aims to establish a new perspective for research on improving the wind resistance and reliability of arched PV power stations. This approach unlocks both theoretical and practical potential for advancing PV energy technology.