Visceral Rhetoric for a Post-Factual Society

Games have been used as devices for simulation or procedural rhetoric for at least two decades, since the release of September 12 in 2003 (Espel, 2015).Bogost defines procedural rhetoric as "the art of persuasion by rule-based representations and interactions rather than spoken or written word" (Bogost, 2007).Rhetoric, understood as the craft of informing, persuading or motivating a particular audience, is a key aspect of learning games.As Gee states (Gee 2003(Gee , 2007)), players must learn the rules of the game and plan their actions to solve challenges and master the game.Learning the rules is the baseline of the procedural rhetoric theory.