The effect of salt stress on the growth and development of the root system of seedlings of introgressive lines of spring bread wheat

The study of the resistance of plants obtained as a result of introgressive breeding to the action of various factors, including salinization, is an important stage of breeding work. The effect of salt stress on the growth and development of the root system of seedlings of introgressive lines of spring soft wheat has been studied. The objects of the study are seedlings of introgressive lines of spring soft wheat obtained with the participation of Triticum dicoccum Shuebl, Aegilops speltoides Tausch, Agropyron elongatum (Host) Beauv. Seedlings of the Saratov 76 variety are used as a standard. The objects were cultivated under laboratory conditions. As a substrate, isoosmotic solutions of NaCl, Na2SO4, their mixture in a ratio of 1:1 and H 2O (control) were used. The effect of salinization on growth was assessed according to the following criteria: the number of roots, their length, the values of the root index and the root-to-shoot ratio. The seedlings of the studied lines in the control version of the experiment are inferior to the standard variety in terms of root length and root availability. It was found that the least inhibitory effect of chloride and sulfate salinization of the substrate on root growth in length is manifested in seedlings of the L657 line: the length of the main root and the roots of the lower and upper tiers exceed similar indicators of seedlings of the standard variety. Salinization has a negative effect on the root index of seedlings of both the standard variety and the studied lines of soft wheat, while seedlings of lines L657 and L664 in terms of the root index are significantly superior to the standard variety in all salinization variants. According to the number of roots in seedlings, there are no statistically significant differences between lines containing foreign genetic material and the standard variety.