Hyping the Inhibitory Activity of Xylopia aethiopica against Vibrio cholerae using Azithromycin

Multidrug-resistant Vibrio species pose a significant global health challenge, particularly in developing countries. Studies have documented the widespread issue, highlighting that plasmid-encoded genes often confer resistance, exacerbating the problem and necessitating further research into effective prevention and treatment strategies This study investigated the antibacterial effects of Xylopia aethiopica extract on various Vibrio species strains, specifically stream samples were analyzed using standard microbiological techniques, revealing Vibrio cholerae 01 bio var EI Tor strains C6709 (VCC6), P27459 (VCP2), E7946 (VCE7) and VCC6 as the most predominant strain (p < 0.05). Phytochemical screening of Xylopia aethiopica extract (XA) detected alkaloids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The agar-welled diffusion method assessed the antibacterial activity of XA against the Vibrio strains, both alone and in combination with Azithromycin (AZR). The results showed that XA significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the growth of all Vibrio strains, with the most pronounced effect on VCE7. Notably, combining XA with AZR enhanced the inhibitory effect (p < 0.05). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the antibacterial activity of XA against the various Vibrio strains, both alone and in combination with AZR.The findings suggest that Xylopia aethiopica extract possesses potent antibacterial properties against Vibrio species, which can be further enhanced by combining it with AZR. These results have implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against Vibrio infections.