Bacteriological Study of Urine Samples from Obstetric Patients in Onitsha Metropolis: Public Health Implications

The decline in immunity among obstetric populations may promote the growth of bacteria, leading to urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to investigate the bacteriological profile of urine samples from obstetric patients in Onitsha Metropolis. A total of 395 urine samples from pregnant (287) and non-pregnant (98) females were analyzed for UTI. Bacterial isolates were characterized and identified using colonial description, Gram staining, and biochemical reactions. The predominant isolates were subjected to sensitivity testing against conventional antibiotics and medicinal plants. The study revealed a 70.6% prevalence of UTI, with 79.9% of positive samples from pregnant females. Escherichia coli was the most common isolate. The isolates showed sensitivity to conventional antibiotics, with ciprofloxacin exhibiting the highest activity. Medicinal plant extracts also showed antimicrobial activity. The study highlights the need for periodic testing and treatment of UTI in obstetric patients to prevent complications. Ciprofloxacin was found to be an effective antibiotic against the isolated bacteria.