Supporting Factors of Maternal-Fetal Attachment In Pregnant Women With Chronic Energy Deficiency In Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Background: Most interventions to address Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) have focused on physical aspects. Objective: Study aims to analyze maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) supporting factors in pregnant women with CED. Cross-sectional study design. 76 pregnant women in their 2nd and 3rd trimesters using purposive sampling. Methods: Sociodemographic factors were collected using sociodemographic questionnaires developed by researchers. Anxiety levels using PRAQ-R2, perceived social support using MSPSS, MFA using Indonesian version of IPAI. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and logistic regression to determine the most influential factors on MFA. Results: Maternal age emerged as a significant predictor of MFA (Wald p=0.018). Individual factors: anxiety, social support, education, income, parity, health history were not statistically significant (p>0.05), their combined effect was significant (Chi-square p=0.001; value=24.357; table value=14.067). Conclusion: To increase MFA levels is providing proper education regarding pregnancy readiness and age-appropriate conception. Maternal age plays key role in MFA among women with CED. Women in optimal reproductive age tend to develop stronger fetal attachment. These findings importance of promoting pregnancy preparedness and encouraging childbearing at ideal reproductive ages to enhance maternal-fetal attachment.