An Integrative Review on Autoimmune Neurological Disorder

Autoimmune diseases are conditions in which our immune system mistakenly damages healthy cells in the body and it occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and damages its own tissues, instead of fighting off foreign invaders like bacteria or viruses. This happens because the immune system loses the ability to distinguish between healthy cells and those that are foreign, leading to inflammation and damage. In the past few decades, autoimmune and non-infectious inflammatory disorders of the nervous system have become increasingly recognized as major sources of disease and disability. Autoimmune disorders of the nervous system are generally diagnosed at a younger age than other acquired disorders of the nervous system, such as infections or vascular injuries. However, all age groups can be affected. The main aim of this investigation is understand the mechanisms by which the immune system mistakenly attacks components of the nervous system, leading to neurological disorders. By exploring the specific auto - antibodies involved, the affected neural pathways, and potential treatment strategies to shed light on the causes, pathology, and management of neurological conditions arising from autoimmune responses within the central and peripheral nervous systems. By identifying the specific antibodies that target components of the nervous system in different autoimmune neurological diseases, can help with diagnosis and treatment development. By understanding the disease mechanism to know how these auto antibodies interact with neural tissues and disrupt normal nervous system function is crucial for developing targeted therapies