Research on the Hybrid Energy Storage Control Strategy for DC Microgrids Based on VIC-MPC

Hybrid Energy Storage Systems, known for their excellent power response capabilities, have been widely applied in Direct Current Microgrid systems. However, the power output capability of supercapacitors is influenced by their state of charge. When the output power of supercapacitors fails to track the reference power, the deficient high-frequency power portion is transferred to the reference power of lithium-ion batteries. Highfrequency power imposed on lithium-ion batteries can cause a sudden temperature rise, leading to decreased battery performance or even reduced lifespan. To address this issue, this paper proposes a VIC-MPC method. According to the principle of virtual inertia control, virtual inertia is introduced on the battery side to adjust the reference power, thereby suppressing highfrequency power occurrences. Combining the high tracking accuracy, fast tracking speed, and superior dynamics of model predictive control compensates for the limitations of virtual inertia during dynamic adjustments and enhances the system's overall power tracking capability and accuracy. Finally, simulations conducted in the MATLAB/Simulink environment validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.