Digital Twins for Food Supply Chain Sustainability: Rapid Literature Review and Conceptual Model

Digital Twin (DT) technology offers significant potential to enhance supply chains performances. Thus, the adoption of DTs in food supply chains (FSCs), will have enormous promise for improving sustainability, efficiency, and resilience This paper presents a conceptual framework based on a rapid review of DT applications in FSCs and divided into three sections. The first section provides a literature review on DT components, and FSC sustainability challenges. The second section explores the implementations of DT in FSCs, examining integration levels, key findings, benefits such as waste reduction and improved traceability. Building on these insights, this article develops a comprehensive framework for integrating DT into FSC sustainability, emphasizing its application in pre-adoption, adoption, and post-adoption phases. The framework identifies DT capabilities, technological enablers, barriers, and the economic, social, and environmental impacts of DT adoption, in the context of FSC sustainability. This study highlights critical opportunities in the field, contributing to advancing the application of DT as a strategic enabler of resilient and sustainable food systems.