Развитие скрипичного искусства Казахстана: национальное исполнительство в аспекте функций интерпретации

This article examines the violin performance history in Kazakhstan, which continues to develop intensively within the country’s contemporary musical culture. For the first time, the analysis of national violin art is undertaken into the manifestation of the artistic functions of interpretation. The functional method is one of the common approaches in musicology, that allows a more structured and detailed exploration of individual phenomena within a more complex whole. The periodization proposed in the works of Dana Zhumabekova is used as the main reference point for the chronology of Kazakhstani musical art. The theoretical basis of the study is the works of Kazakhstani and foreign musicologists, addressed to the methodology of musical performance arts, and violin performance in particular, as well as broader topics on the music history and theory. The authors employ different methods, including comparative-historical, typological study, and functional and performance analysis. The research material consists of audio and video recordings of concert performances, musical scores, periodicals and content from the Internet. The main trends in the development of musical art in Kazakhstan are associated with socially significant events, which largely determine the functional uniqueness of each historical period. The originality of the potential of interpreting artistic functions at various stages is also determined by a set of subjective and objective factors. Among these factors, the following are of vast importance: the presence or absence of performers’ professional training, the venue and status of the performance, the traditional or academic music performance, belonging to an oral or written tradition, and degree of novelty of the musical style within the given historical context, etc. At each of the five stages in the historical development of violin performance in Kazakhstan, a functional hierarchy is revealed, in which the manifestation of some functions prevails over others. A notable functional resemblance is noted between the first (“pre-professional”) and the fifth (contemporary) stages. This resemblance indicates a paradigm shift in the development of both performing and musical arts in Kazakhstan. The functional approach undertaken in this study allows us to deepen our comprehension of how the country's socio-political events have influenced the state of its art and culture.