Optimal Operation of Mobile Charging Stations Serving Drones and Electric Vehicles

Mobile charging stations (MCS) provide on-demand energy to electric vehicles (EVs) and drones, addressing limitations of fixed infrastructure. This paper proposes a novel multi-objective optimization model for allocating a MCS’s energy capacity between EVs and drones, balancing profitability (net revenue from charging services) and service coverage (demand satisfaction). Using a weighted-sum approach and Pareto front analysis, we identify optimal trade-offs between these objectives. Simulations demonstrate that a balanced strategy can significantly increase coverage with minimal profit sacrifice. These findings offer actionable insights for MCS operators, highlighting the potential for broader service reach without compromising financial viability.