Research on Data Privacy Protection Algorithm of Smart Grid Based on Full Homomorphic Encryption

As the product of the integration of power system and information technology, the contradiction between its efficient operation and data privacy protection is increasingly prominent. This paper proposes a data privacy protection algorithm for smart grid based on full homomorphic encryption (FHE), aiming at solving the contradiction between data privacy protection and data utilization. The algorithm uses the characteristics of FHE to allow the calculation and analysis of user encrypted data without decryption, thus eliminating the risk of data leakage during processing. Firstly, the smart grid data is preprocessed, including segmentation, standardization, packaging and adding random noise to enhance the privacy of the data. Subsequently, the process of key generation, encryption and decryption is realized by FHE technology to ensure the effective processing and analysis of data in the encrypted state. In the stage of data aggregation and verification, digital signature technology is used to ensure the security of data transmission and prevent tampering or forgery. The experiment is carried out in a simulated smart grid environment. The results show that the algorithm maintains high data aggregation accuracy and calculation efficiency while protecting users' privacy, which provides a new solution for smart grid privacy protection. This study not only improves the data security of smart grid, but also provides a solid foundation for privacy protection for the sustainable development of smart grid.