Key Technologies Research and Trends of Mobile Robots for Responding to Search and Rescue in Underground Mine Accidents

This paper aims to address the frequent occurrences and hazards associated with mining accidents, focusing on key technologies and trends to enhance the efficiency of underground mine rescue operations. A thorough analysis of the positioning and navigation technologies for current mobile rescue robots was conducted, encompassing visual, radar, visible light, and inertial navigation fusion technologies. In coping with the complex post-accident environment in mines, multi-sensor fusion technologies are widely adopted to ensure efficient information acquisition and processing. To ensure reliable data transmission, communication technologies mainly involve UWB (Ultra-wide band), WiFi, 4G, 5G, and visible light. Particular emphasis is placed on the advantages of visible light technology, which enables independent communication and low energy consumption under lighting conditions. This paper proposes the use of a mobile robot cluster as an effective means to improve efficiency and reduce costs. However, careful task allocation is essential to ensure effective communication among robots and avoid resource wastage. Artificial intelligence and next-generation communication technologies will make mobile rescue robots more intelligent, autonomous, and adaptable, thereby making a greater contribution to improving rescue efficiency and reducing risks.