Constructing A Modular Nuclear Power Carbon Account Theoretical Framework that can Connect with Carbon Markets

The nuclear power carbon account serves as the micro-foundation for integrating nuclear power into low-carbon transition market-based policy tools, such as carbon markets, thereby achieving carbon emission reduction benefits. Developing a theoretical framework for the nuclear power carbon account connected to the carbon markets is a scientific prerequisite for realizing these benefits. This study, based on a lifecycle perspective, proposes a modular nuclear power carbon account framework encompassing the construction, operation, and decommissioning phases. The framework defines the accounting boundaries, data sources, accounting methods, and evaluation indicators for each module. Furthermore, the study nests the nuclear power carbon account within the regional power grid carbon account, analyzing the reduction effect of incorporating the nuclear power carbon account on the power grid carbon emission factor. Finally, it proposes the application of a "Green Nuclear Power Certificate" as a market-based policy tool for low-carbon transition connected to the carbon markets. The modular nuclear power carbon account framework and its connection mechanism with the carbon markets proposed in this paper provide a scientific basis for managing the carbon assets of nuclear power enterprises in China, clarifying the emission reduction contributions throughout the nuclear power lifecycle, and achieving emission reduction benefits through market mechanisms.