Perfect fluids and cosmological expansion arising from Born–Infeld type theory

In the setting of general relativity, we consider the energy-momentum tensor arising from Born–Infeld type theory as the perfect fluid and work on a flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker spacetime. We acquire some results including equations of state to describe the state of universe and the expressions of the scale factor to show cosmological expansion. Moreover, we demonstrate the properties of Born–Infeld type perfect fluids by examining some energy conditions arising from general relativity and obtain the possibility of the existence of the initial singularity of the universe.