Assessment of Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of Aminoguanidine on Diabetes Accelerated Atherosclerosis

This research is designed to assess the anti-atherogenic activity of aminoguanidine against diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis in albino rats. The Wistar albino rats (150-200 g) were used for the investigation. Animals were fed an atherogenic diet for 45 days after by acute intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg) on the 0th day. From day 16th to 45th, group II (atherogenic control) received normal saline (10 ml/kg/day, p.o.), group III (standard) received atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.), group IV (aminoguanidine-25) received intraperitoneal injections of aminoguanidine at a dose 25 mg/kg/day, and group V (aminoguanidine-50) received intraperitoneal injections of aminoguanidine at a dose 50 mg/kg/day. The results showed the potential beneficial effect on aminoguanidine-treated animals especially at 50 mg/kg dose level, when compared to the atherogenic control group. Aminoguanidine treatments significantly restore the body weight, serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL, and HDL), atherogenic index, and serum hepatic biomarkers (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphate). Moreover, results showed the potent antioxidant activity of aminoguanidine, which is indicated by significant restoration in hepatic oxidative stress markers like catalase, reduced glutathione, malonaldehyde, and nitrite content in the aminoguanidine treatment group. Overall results conclude that aminoguanidine mitigates the progression of atherosclerosis against diabetes-accelerated atherosclerotic animal model by its potent antihyperlipidemic and antiatherogenic activity.