Improving the Physical and Chemical Specification of Diesel Fuel Using Solvent Extraction Technology

Abstract This research provides a new structured methodology for improving diesel fuel properties through solvent extraction. Diesel fuel is analyzed using an experimental approach, including solvent selection, extraction, phase separation, and characterization. Four solvents—furfural, N ‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP), propylene carbonate, and acetonitrile (AN)—are tested at diesel‐to‐solvent ratios. Several tests are conducted. The research process involved optimizing extraction conditions and evaluating fuel quality using Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and gas chromatography (GC) techniques. Extraction ratio significantly improved combustion properties, reducing residual carbon, sulfur content, and viscosity. NMP is identified as the most effective solvent, with an NMP + AN mixture providing optimal performance. This research serves as a guide for systematically designing and executing research on fuel enhancement, demonstrating solvent extraction as a viable method for refining diesel fuel properties.