Evaluation of Online, Hybrid and Face-to-Face Learning Modes: Undergraduate Students' Perceptions in the UAE

This paper investigates undergraduate students' perceptions of Online, Hybrid, and Face-to-Face (F2F) learning modes in the UAE, identifying preferences and demographic influences. A comprehensive survey was designed to cover the following aspects; comfort with technology, mode preferences, and experiences with interaction, collaboration, and autonomy. The questionnaire was disseminated to a sample of undergraduate students from six universities across UAE using stratified random sampling, targeting third and fourth-year students as they highly likely experienced the three learning modes throughout their studying journey at the university. A mixed methods approach was used to collect and analyse data including quantitative and qualitative data analysis (the latter for the open-ended questions). The results revealed that F2F is the most preferred learning mode as it offers better focus, interaction, and instant feedback. Online learning mode wins ground for more flexible and self-paced learning. Hybrid learning is praised for its creativity but criticized for confusion due to the mixed methods. Preferences showed correlation with the variables: gender, marital status, and major. The study aims to fill the research gap analysis in understanding student preferences of learning modes across the UAE, this is particularly relevant given the unique cultural environment of the UAE. The results can inform the design and implementation of educational programs, helping universities and educational institutions in the UAE create more effective and tailored learning experiences based on student preferences.