Towards respectful obstetric care

Episiotomy was a common procedure in vaginal deliveries for decades, performed to prevent maternal complications. However, recent research has questioned its effectiveness and safety, promoting a more restrictive, evidence-based approach. It was found that routine use did not significantly reduce severe perineal tears or shorten the second stage of labour, and in some cases led to major complications. Factors associated with its practice were also identified, such as primiparity and the use of oxytocin, and the importance of informed consent was emphasised. From a clinical and ethical perspective, it was recommended that it should only be performed when strictly necessary, always prioritising respect for women's autonomy and humanised care.