The Influence of Hot Deformation on the Mechanical and Structural Properties of Mild Carbon Steel for Industrial Application

The aim of this work was to study the influence of temperature and strain rate on the formability and structure of C22 steel. This study was based on tensile and compression tests. In the case of the compression test, the study of the influence that the process parameters (temperature and strain rate) have on the nonuniformity of the deformation was taken into account. This work presents an experimental analysis of the effects of temperature and strain rate on the mechanical and structural properties of C22 mild steel. Uniaxial tension and compression testing at high temperatures (800 °C, 900 °C, 1000 °C, and 1100 °C) and strain rates 0.001 1/s, 0.012 1/s, and 0.089 1/s for tension and 6.35 1/s, 5.72 1/s, 4.67 1/s and, respectively, 0.106 1/s for the compression hammer and hydraulic press served as the foundation for the studies. Analysis was carried out on how temperature and strain rate affected yield stress, strain to fracture, hardness, and structural evolution. Additionally, the nonuniformity of the deformations obtained at various temperature and strain rate values was examined. The fracture behavior of C22 steel can be enhanced by raising the deformation temperature and lowering the strain rate. In the tensile tests, the study of stress and strain distribution and the variation in the normalized Latham–Cockroft failure criterion was performed by numerical simulation using FORGE® NxT 4.1 software.