The effectiveness of biotechnological aspects of cattle reproduction in Vinny-tsia region

The key branch of agriculture in Vinnytsia is livestock farming, which provides the population with food and industry with raw materials. Statistical data show that in 2024, despite martial law, positive trends were observed in the growth of dairy herd productivity (2.6 %), an increase in milk production (0.1 %) and the sale of livestock and poultry for slaughter (1.7 %). However, the number of cows continued to decrease (4 %), including in agricultural enterprises and households, respectively, by 1.5 and 0.8 %. As of 01.01. 2024, 146.7 thousand cows were kept in the private sector of the economy, from which 133.0 thousand calves were obtained in the reporting year, and milk production accounts for 83 % of milk. Meat sales and milk production in agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership account for 37 % and 17 % of the total regional production. The Vinnytsia regional and 4 inter-district breeding enterprises operate in the region, which carry out work on the breeding improvement of cattle by insemination of cows and heifers with cryopreserved semen of bulls-improvers, the breeding method is purebred. At the present stage, the main task of livestock breeding is to increase production through further intensification. One of the elements of intensification of livestock breeding is the study of problems related to herd reproduction. Therefore, the study of cattle reproduction remains relevant and requires further study.