Milk productivity of first-born cows of the brown Carpathian breed of different types of constitution

Data on milk productivity and physiological blood parameters of first-born cows of the Brown Carpathian breed of different types of constitution are presented. The research was conducted at the breeding plant “Lastivka” of the Uzhhorod district of the Transcarpathian region in 2020–2021. The aim of the work was to investigate milk productivity and physiological blood parameters of first-born cows of the Brown Carpathian breed of different types of constitution. The control group included cows with a low physiological-selection index (860–883), and the experimental group with a high physiological-selection index (989–998). According to the main biochemical blood parameters in the winter-stall and summer-pasture periods of keeping, the animals of the experimental group were superior to their control peers. According to the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of milk, as well as the main physiological blood parameters, the cows of the experimental group had an advantage over the animals of the control group. This indicates a more intensive course of redox processes in cows of the experimental group. Additional confirmation of this is the higher values of the physiological and selection index, which characterizes the type of constitution of animals, recorded in representatives of this group. Experimental data indicate that the milk of 80.0 % of experimental cows was characterized by good suitability for cheesemaking, with satisfactory qualities of milk from 20.0 % of cows. Examination of the total cattle population in the “Lastivka” farm for the detection of subclinical mastitis showed that nine animals had one quarter of the udder affected, five had two, and four had three quarters; and the hindquarters were mainly affected. In the control group of cows, one case of subclinical mastitis was recorded (infection of two hindquarters of the udder), while the udders of the analogue cows of the experimental group were healthy. This indicates a higher immunological resistance of the cows in the experimental group to mastitis.