<i>Fact-checking</i> y desinformación climática en España. Tendencias en la cobertura, tematización y gestión de fuentes en la estrategia profesional de<i> EFE Verifica, Maldito Clima y Newtral</i>

This study offers a comprehensive analysis of how three of Spain's leading fact-checking platforms address climate disinformation. These include EFE Verifica, Maldito Clima, and Newtral. Through a quantitative methodology using content analysis, four key aspects were examined: 1) degree of coverage and type of articles selected based on their textual structure and communicative purpose; 2) main topics covered; 3) diversity and quality of the sources; and 4) geographical focus of the published articles. The corpus examined includes 479 news items on climate change and the environment, produced and published in 2023 by the platforms mentioned above, which are accredited by the International Fact-Checking Network. According to the findings, the attention paid to climate change is significant but inconsistent, as the most recurring types of published texts are verification reports and the debunking of viral hoaxes. Furthermore, the content mainly addresses extreme weather, responsible consumption, and sustainability, with a predominantly national focus. Nevertheless, rigorousness in source management stands out, featuring considerable participation from officials, experts, the media, and digital sources. The results highlight the strategic role of verification journalism in opposing climate disinformation, due to its ability to identify trends and challenges in the short and medium term.