LUNGINFORMER: A Multiclass of lung pneumonia diseases detection based on chest X-ray image using contrast enhancement and hybridization inceptionresnet and transformer

Lung pneumonia is categorically a serious disease on Earth. In December 2019, COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 caused severe lung pneumonia. The majority of lung pneumonia diseases are diagnosed using traditional medical tools and specialized medical personnel. This process is both time-consuming and expensive. To address the problem, many researchers have employed deep learning algorithms to develop an automated detection system for pneumonia. Deep learning faces the issue of low-quality X-ray images and biased X-ray image information. The X-ray image is the primary material for creating a transfer learning model. The problem in the dataset led to inaccurate classification results. Many previous works with a deep learning approach have faced inaccurate results. To address the situation mentioned, we propose a novel framework that utilizes two essential mechanisms: advanced image contrast enhancement based on Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) and a hybrid deep learning model combining InceptionResNet and Transformer. Our novel framework is named LUNGINFORMER. The experiment report demonstrated LUNGINFORMER achieved an accuracy of 0.98, a recall of 0.97, an F1-score of 0.98, and a precision of 0.96. According to the AUC test, LUNGINFORMER achieved a tremendous performance with a score of 1.00 for each class. We believed that our performance model was influenced by contrast enhancement and a hybrid deep learning model.