Transformation Of Agro-Productive Systems Towards Sustainability: Biofertilizers, Hydroponics, Silvopastoral Systems And Water Reuse As Technological Axes

The transformation of traditional agro-productive systems towards sustainable models is an imperative in the face of climate change, environmental degradation and food insecurity. This article explores four key technological axes—biofertilizers, hydroponics, silvopastoral systems, and water reuse—as pillars of the agroecological transition. A mixed methodological approach is adopted, with bibliographic review and case analysis. The results indicate that these technologies, when properly integrated, can increase productivity, reduce environmental impacts, and promote sustainable rural development. The findings highlight the need for public policies, technical education, and financing to drive widespread adoption.