Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia due to osteoblastic metastases from central nervous system embryonal tumour.

A male in his early 20s presented with severe skeletal pain and diffuse osteosclerosis caused by extensive osteoblastic skeletal metastases from a Central Nervous System (CNS) Embryonal Tumour (WHO Grade 4), leading to hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia. Biochemical evaluation revealed elevated parathyroid hormone and high vitamin D levels; imaging confirmed widespread osteoblastic metastases. Low urinary fractional excretion of calcium suggested high uptake into the bone. The biochemical profile resembled vitamin D resistance but represents a distinct pathophysiological entity. Pancytopenia due to marrow infiltration precluded chemotherapy and radiotherapy, prompting a focus on supportive and palliative care. Management included oral calcium and phosphorus supplementation alongside symptom control and psychosocial support. This case illustrates the rare metabolic complication of hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia secondary to osteoblastic metastases in a CNS malignancy. It emphasises recognising such metabolic derangements and adopting a multidisciplinary approach to optimise management and improve patient quality of life.

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Publication Details

Journal
BMJ Case Reports
Published
2025-07-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2025-264881
Primary Topic
Bone health and treatments
Type
article
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article

Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia due to osteoblastic metastases from central nervous system embryonal tumour.

Rajesh Yadav Borra, Vijaya B. Nareddy, Pooja Chavali, Raza Shabuddin Gouri
BMJ Case Reports
Bone health and treatments
article

Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia due to osteoblastic metastases from central nervous system embryonal tumour.

Rajesh Yadav Borra, Vijaya B. Nareddy, Pooja Chavali, Raza Shabuddin Gouri
article en

Abstract

A male in his early 20s presented with severe skeletal pain and diffuse osteosclerosis caused by extensive osteoblastic skeletal metastases from a Central Nervous System (CNS) Embryonal Tumour (WHO Grade 4), leading to hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia. Biochemical evaluation revealed elevated parathyroid hormone and high vitamin D levels; imaging confirmed widespread osteoblastic metastases. Low urinary fractional excretion of calcium suggested high uptake into the bone. The biochemical profile resembled vitamin D resistance but represents a distinct pathophysiological entity. Pancytopenia due to marrow infiltration precluded chemotherapy and radiotherapy, prompting a focus on supportive and palliative care. Management included oral calcium and phosphorus supplementation alongside symptom control and psychosocial support. This case illustrates the rare metabolic complication of hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia secondary to osteoblastic metastases in a CNS malignancy. It emphasises recognising such metabolic derangements and adopting a multidisciplinary approach to optimise management and improve patient quality of life.

BMJ Case ReportsVol. 18(7)
Manipal Hospital (IN), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (IN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 75%
Bone health and treatments
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