Trends, Advantages, and Challenges: A Systematic Literature Review of Artificial Intelligence in Design Education

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping modern education, and design education is no exception. Although there have been several reviews on AI in education, there are limited systematic literature reviews and analyses of AI in the field of design education. In order to facilitate the effective integration of AI in design education, this study reviews the current state of AI in design education. The study aims to identify the advantages and challenges of using AI in design education and to explore the potential opportunities that AI can bring to the future of design education. The review analyzed 43 studies on using AI in design education from 2020 to 2024. The findings indicated that the use of AI in design education is rapidly shifting from general AI to generative AI. In particular, image generation has become the most preferred AI technology in design education. In addition, the integration of AI into design education can enhance the design process for students and increase their efficiency. Students could benefit from personalized design learning experiences and strengthen their comprehension and communication. Despite the significant advantages of using AI in design education, there are some challenges, such as ethical and legal issues, response errors and biases, pedagogical challenges, and technological anxiety and overreliance. This study emphasizes that the integration of AI in design education should be supplementary, aiming at enhancing rather than replacing traditional design teaching methods. Received: 26 March 2025 / Accepted: 1 June 2025 / Published: 05 July 2025