Research Progress of Epigenetic Regulation in Stroke Treatment

Cerebrovascular diseases are a serious threat to human health, among which stroke is extremely harmful. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that epigenetic regulation is crucial in the development of cerebrovascular diseases. In this review, we focus on the research progress of epigenetic regulation in stroke treatment, detailing the regulatory mechanisms of DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNAs, and analyzing their roles in the pathophysiology of stroke. It was found that ischemic stroke causes dynamic changes in DNA methylation, which affects gene expression and alters the process of injury and recovery; histone modification levels are also altered after stroke, which affects chromatin status and gene transcription; and noncoding RNAs, such as miRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, and lncRNAs, which play a key role in gene expression regulation, are associated with the risk of stroke, severity and symptom onset. In addition, therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic regulation are also discussed. Although facing challenges such as complex mechanisms, susceptibility to environmental influences, and the early stage of drug development, epigenetic regulation is still very promising in the treatment of stroke, and it is expected to provide a new theoretical basis and research direction for the prevention and treatment of stroke in the future.