The silico study of magnetohydrodynamic natural convection trend of irregular porous cavities

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection is analyzed in irregular shapes in the finite element method (FEM) in this study. Moreover, the governing partial differential equations entail momentum, energy, and concentration equations implemented in present models. On validation, the present results in Flex PDE software on streamlines [Formula: see text], isotherm [Formula: see text], and iso-concentration c and the published paper were well-matched. On the other hand, the investigation of effective parameters, including the Rayleigh number, Lewis number, and heated length, was conducted on the streamlines [Formula: see text], isotherm [Formula: see text], iso-concentration c, local Nusselt number, and local Sherwood number. The key finding in this study is that semi-circle diameter ([Formula: see text] has greatly influenced the value of streamlines [Formula: see text], Nusselt number at the local state, and Sherwood number at the local state. At the same time, it has not influenced the pattern of isotherm [Formula: see text], iso-concentration c. Conversely, in variable boundary conditions of heated lengths, there was a significant configuration in isotherm [Formula: see text], iso-concentration c. Moreover, [Formula: see text] occurred at a porous cavity with [Formula: see text], the number of heated waves was 3, but [Formula: see text] was observed at porous cavity with [Formula: see text] 0.75, the number of heated waves was 7. It is noticeable that when Rayleigh’s number and Lewis’s number increased, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decreased significantly.