Pigment Analysis in Paintings by the Brazilian Artist Di Cavalcanti Using <scp>IRR</scp> and <scp>MA</scp>‐<scp>XRF</scp>

ABSTRACT This study analyses the pictorial materials used by the renowned Brazilian artist Di Cavalcanti (1897–1976) in two modern oil paintings on canvas from 1962, part of the collection at the Chácara do Céu Museum in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This analysis was carried out using imaging: visible light imaging and infrared reflectography (IRR), as well as by energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence (ED‐XRF) and macro x‐ray fluorescence scanning (MA‐XRF). The results obtained through the imaging process allowed us to assess the state of conservation, revealing “pentimento” and the absence of traces of the underdrawings. No pictorial loss or restored areas were detected either. Using ED‐XRF and MA‐XRF techniques, it was possible to characterize and map the distribution of the chemical elements present in the artworks. The study enabled the identification of a color palette comprising pigments containing lead, zinc, titanium, iron, cadmium, and chromium. The correlation of the various results obtained from each technique was fundamental for understanding not only the materials used by Di Cavalcanti, but also his artistic technique and creative process. Furthermore, the scientific basis derived from this research enables the monitoring of surface deterioration (craquelure) in the analyzed artworks, the planning of interventions, and the assistance in forensic examinations of paintings attributed to the artist, contributing significantly to the preservation of his legacy and the Brazilian artistic heritage.