Triboelectric‐Thermoelectric Nanogenerators Co‐Design Strategy: A Self‐Powered Sensing Method for Transmission Line Vibration Detection

Abstract As the power grid expands and operating environments become more complex, transmission lines face significant challenges in long‐term operation. Wind‐induced vibration is one of the most common and destructive issues affecting transmission lines, making real‐time monitoring crucial. In this study, a self‐powered vibration measurement method based on Micro Thermoelectric Generator (MTEG) and Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) is proposed. Additionally, a self‐powered vibration detection model for transmission lines is developed, and a Self‐powered Prototype for Monitoring Vibration of Transmission Line (SP‐MVTL) is fabricated based on the research for experimental validation. The experiment results indicate that when subjected to a temperature difference between a heat source of 353.15 K and a cold source of 285.15 K, the SP‐MVTL generates a voltage of 3.6 V and a current of 0.82 A, achieving an energy harvesting power density of 289.4 W m −2 . Experimental verification under typical transmission line vibration conditions demonstrates that the frequency detection accuracy of SP‐MVTL is comparable to that of the commercial sensor MPU 6050. This study offers a new technical pathway and methodological support for advancing self‐powered sensing technology in power grid.