Spray Coating Versus Spin Coating of Titanium Dioxide as Electron Transfer Layer for Organic Solar Cells

Abstract In this study, spray coating and spin coating methods for the titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) layer used as the electron transfer layer (ETL) were compared to examine the performance parameters of organic solar cells. Despite the fact that there is no major change in the V OC value, with V OC measured at 0.589 V for the spray-coated device and 0.548 V for the spin-coated device, the device performance parameters of the device fabricated with TiO 2 layer sharply increased, with the current density–voltage ( J – V SC ), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (PCE) values obtained by the spray coating method. We demonstrate that spray-coated c-TiO 2 layers achieve a higher PCE of 2.92% compared to 2.32% for spin-coated devices. The PCE of the solar cell using TiO 2 formed by spray coating is 25% higher than the device obtained by spin coating.