Comparison of Out‐of‐Plane Crushing Behavior of <scp>3D</scp> ‐Printed Biomimetic Hexagonal Hierarchical Tubular Structures Using <scp>COPRAS</scp> Method

ABSTRACT Enhancing the crashworthiness characteristics of an energy‐absorbing structure without conceding its stiffness and strength has been a significant challenge in the pursuit of lightweight engineering. Novel bio‐inspired hexagonal hierarchical tubular structures are suggested in this study to increase weight efficiency and energy absorption. The fused deposition modeling (FDM)–based 3D printing method was used to create these tubular structures. Experimental studies were conducted to examine the crashworthiness behavior of the recommended hexagonal hierarchical tubular structures with varying masses and configurations under quasi‐static axial loading conditions. In addition, the best energy‐absorbing structure was selected from the proposed bio‐inspired hexagonal hierarchical tubular structures using the COmplex PRoportional ASsessment (COPRAS) method. The results demonstrated that the Halloween spider web–inspired structure provided the best crashworthiness performance. An efficient guide for designing an energy absorber with high‐energy absorption efficiency using the biomimetic approach and the hierarchical concept is provided by the findings of this study.