Transportation in refugee camps: A path towards sustainable development and inclusive communities

As refugee camps (RCs) transition into urban-like settlements, resembling cities, the need for effective transportation systems becomes critical to support refugees’ mobility, connectivity, accessibility, and overall well-being. This article examines transportation infrastructure in RCs across Jordan, Lebanon, and Iraq, focusing on accessibility, safety, affordability, and sustainability, aligning with Target 11.2 of the 2030 Agenda. Employing a mixed-methods approach, which incorporates a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, the study explores transportation options, barriers, and opportunities, as well as their implications for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG11, alongside SDG3, SDG4, SDG5, and SDG8. The findings underscore the critical role of transportation in fostering inclusivity, reducing inequality, and ensuring access to essential services. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and practitioners to enhance the provision of sustainable transportation in RCs and ensure inclusivity, equity, and resilience while advancing progress toward achieving global goals. • Transportation in refugee camps contributes to achieving many SDGs. • Partnerships are essential to create sustainable transportation solutions. • Inclusive policies, regulations, and planning are crucial for achieving SDGs' targets. • Refugee-led initiatives empower refugees, while gendered mobility constraints widen inequities. • Shared mobility mode provides sustainable and affordable transportation solutions.