Height-Diameter Relationships for Pinus brutia Ten. in the Adana-Karaisali Region of Türkiye

In this study, it was aimed to develop height (H)-diameter (D) models for pure Pinus brutia Ten. stands distributed in the Adana-Karaisalı region in Türkiye. Diameter at breast height and tree height data were obtained from 1081 sample trees in 82 sample plots. Additionally, measurements were made regarding various stand variables. Based on the data obtained, parameters were estimated for four base H-D models, which provide estimates based only on diameter at breast height, and five generalized H-D models, which incorporate stand variables in addition to diameter at breast height. According to the results of nonlinear regression analysis, models with all parameters being statistically significant were evaluated based on six statistical criteria. The ranking results showed that the Mirkovich (1958)’s generalized H-D model achieved the best predictive results, with an coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.941, indicating that the model accounts for 94.1% of the variation in tree height and can be considered a reliable tool for estimating tree height in the studied stands. As a result of statistical and graphical evaluations, it can be concluded that generalized H-D models perform better and yield more unbiased predictions.