Incidence of Climate Variability on Maize Production in Buea, Southwest Region, Cameroon

The irregular distribution of climatic parameters has impacted global food security. This issue is particularly relevant in Cameroon, specifically in the Buea Municipality. This study aimed to examine the implications of climate variability on maize production in the Buea Municipality. It used qualitative and quantitative techniques, such as questionnaires, interview guides, focused group discussions, interrogations, and climatic data extracted from NASA. Secondary data from existing literature. The results showed fluctuating rainfall with decreasing trends and increasing temperature trends. The temperature ranged from 24°C (June and July) to 27°C (February and March), while rainfall varied from 410mm and 441mm (July and August) to 41 mm and 29 mm (December and January). These fluctuations affected maize production by creating favourable conditions for pests and diseases, moisture deficiency, and fast soil degradation. A Pearson correlation analysis confirmed a positive relationship between maize yield and rainfall amount. While farmers have adapted by practising irrigation, buying improved seeds, and cultivating wetlands, challenges such as poverty, institutional voids, and knowledge gaps have offset their efforts. In conclusion, maize production remains crucial for the population in Buea, and the study recommends holistic measures such as agricultural training and the distribution of improved seeds by stakeholders.