Dynamics of eco-epidemiological predator–prey model in fuzzy environment

In this work, we propose an eco-epidemiological predator–prey interactions model in a fuzzy environment. The model incorporates the influence of environmental uncertainty on the interaction between predator and prey populations, along with the effects of disease on the predator population. We use a combination of fuzzy set theory and differential equations to model the interactions between the predator and prey populations. Subsequently, our analysis demonstrates that the uncertain environmental conditions can disrupt the system’s stability by modifying critical values of model parameters. Furthermore, we have investigated the Hopf bifurcation by using the rate of infection as a bifurcation parameter. Overall, our study highlights the importance of considering both environmental fuzziness and disease in predator–prey models and provides insights into the complex dynamics that can arise in such systems. We also perform numerical simulations to give more insights for our analytical findings.