CASE REPORT: MANAGEMENT OF ISCHEMIC STROKE USING THE CODE STROKE PROTOCOL IN A 60-YEAR-OLD FEMALE

A stroke is defined as a neurological deficit attributed to an acute focal injury of the CNS (i.e., brain, retina, or spinal cord) by a vascular cause. Ischemic stroke is caused by disrupted cerebral blood flow due to thrombotic or embolic events. Stroke risk factors are classified into modifiable factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and smoking habits, and non-modifiable factors, such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, and genetic predisposition. This case report discusses a 60-year-old female patient presenting to the emergency department with right-sided body weakness, difficulty swallowing, slurred speech, and a history of uncontrolled hypertension. Physical examination revealed severe hypertension (216/106 mmHg), underweight nutritional status (BMI 17.24 kg/m²), motor weakness, and a positive Babinski reflex. A head CT scan showed infarction in the pons and left external capsule, consistent with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke due to small vessel occlusion. The patient was managed using the Code Stroke protocol, which included fluid administration, antihypertensives, neuroprotectors, and thrombolytic rTPA. Following therapy, clinical symptoms improved, with a reduction in the NIHSS score from 8 to 5, indicating a positive response. Patient education emphasized the importance of controlling risk factors such as hypertension and hypercholesterolemia and adherence to pharmacological treatments and lifestyle modifications. In conclusion, early diagnosis and the appropriate application of the Code Stroke protocol can enhance clinical outcomes, reduce morbidity and mortality, and prevent long-term complications in ischemic stroke patients. Ischemic stroke highlights the significance of an integrated multidisciplinary approach in stroke management.