Rotating Einstein–Maxwell–Dilaton Black Hole as a Particle Accelerator

Abstract Similar to particle accelerators, black holes also have the ability to accelerate particles, generating significant amounts of energy through particle collisions. In this study, the horizon and spacetime structures of a rotating black hole within the framework of Einstein–Maxwell–Dilaton gravity have been examined. Additionally, the authors have extended the analysis to explore particle collisions and energy extraction near this black hole using the Bañados‐Silk‐West mechanism. It has been revealed by the findings that the mass and angular momentum of the colliding particles significantly influence the center of mass energy, more so than the parameters of the black hole itself. Furthermore, the Bañados–Silk–West mechanism is applied to massless particles, particularly photons, while disregarding their intrinsic spin in plasma; an aspect that has not been previously explored. The Bañados–Silk–West mechanism has not been directly applied, as the refractive index condition only permits photon propagation, meaning that massive particles in vacuum cannot be included in this study. The propagation conditions for photons have been derived by the authors and photon collisions have been analyzed by treating them as massive particles in a dispersive medium. The impact of the plasma parameter on the extracted center of mass energy is also examined. The plasma parameter has had a relatively weak and unchanged effect on the center of mass energy across all cases, as shown by the results, indicating that energy losses due to friction within the medium are a contributing factor.