Systematic Evaluation and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Phase I Cardiac Rehabilitation on Heart Function of Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective: To systematically evaluate the impact of phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions on cardiac function levels in patients after coronary intervention. Methods: Seven Chinese and English databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, ESC (European Society of Cardiology), and CNKI, as well as professional association websites, were searched using computers, with manual searching as a complement. Relevant literature published from the establishment of the database to February 2025 was retrieved. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the literature. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: A total of 8 articles were included, involving 843 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with routine nursing, phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions helped increase the 6-minute walking distance in patients after coronary intervention [MD = 0.84, 95% CI (0.57, 1.10), P < 0.001], increase the level of left ventricular ejection fraction in patients after coronary intervention [MD = 0.67, 95% CI (0.33, 1.00), P < 0.001], and cardiac rehabilitation combined with respiratory rehabilitation exercise could improve the level of left ventricular ejection fraction in patients after coronary intervention [MD = 0.58, 95% CI (0.40, 0.76), P < 0.001]. Conclusion: The implementation of phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions can help improve cardiac function levels in patients after coronary intervention. However, the standardization of outcome evaluation indicators needs to be improved, and the long-term effects of rehabilitation still require verification through a large number of high-quality studies.