Development and evaluation of an anti-dandruff shampoo based on aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) leave

This study focused on the development of an anti-dandruff shampoo based on an aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves, a plant known for its antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. The extraction was performed by maceration, followed by qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening. Shampoo formulations were developed with 2% neem extract and evaluated physicochemically (pH, viscosity, foamability), microbiologically and dermatologically. A single-blind pilot study was conducted on 30 adult women suffering from mild to moderate dandruff. Phytochemical screening revealed richness in flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. Formulation F3 showed optimal characteristics, including a suitable pH (5.7), good microbiological stability, and satisfactory skin tolerance. After four weeks of use, participants who used the neem shampoo showed a significant improvement in symptoms: reduced flaking, relief of itching, and improved scalp condition. No adverse effects were observed. These results confirm the anti-dandruff efficacy of the shampoo, attributed to the bioactive properties of neem extract. The product thus presents a promising natural alternative to conventional treatments, with a good safety profile and appreciable cosmetic acceptability.