Preliminary validity and estimated reliability of the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy (CAPL-2) in the Indonesian Physical Education System

Background and purpose Physical literacy assessment an innovative and current option has been suggested for classifying and evaluating health in children and adolescents holistically. This study aims to adapt CAPL-2 to assess the improvement in the physical literacy of children between the ages of 8 to 12 years and prove the construct validity, content validity, and determine the estimated reliability of the CAPL-2 according to the characteristics of Indonesian elementary school children. Material and methods Preliminary validity and reliability estimates of the CAPL-2 (Indonesia) were studied using cross-sectional methods resulting from public elementary school students in Central Lombok, NTB, Indonesia. A total of 7 experts/academics (expert judgment) to prove the content validity of CAPL-2, and as many as 84 children (43 boys and 41 girls; mean age = 10.05; standard deviation = 0.74) to prove construct validity and estimated reliability of CAPL-2. The measurements in this study were designed to provide descriptive results on 3 core domains of physical literacy: (1) Motivation & Confidence; (2) Physical Competence (CAMSA Score); (3) Knowledge & Understanding. Results The descriptive statistical results show the low level of physical literacy of children assessed by CAPL-2, which can raise concerns and doubts in the implementation process. However, the findings of this research also show strong empirical support for the construct validity, content validity, and estimated reliability of CAPL-2 that can be used to assess the physical literacy of children between the ages of 8 to 12 years in Indonesia. Proof of preliminary validity shows an acceptable value of validity, whereas, a low estimated value of reliability is produced only on the Knowledge and Understanding questionnaire. Conclusions Future studies are recommended to further evaluate the CAPL-2 protocol in larger samples in different regions of Indonesia, so as to provide psychometric evidence, validity, and reliability more specifically for each of its components.