Physicochemical profiling and bioactive potential of swietenia macrophylla king seed in natural mosquito repellent development

Background: Traditional medicine has long utilized plant-based therapies for various health conditions. In India, medicinal plants continue to play a vital role in healthcare practices, necessitating scientific validation of their therapeutic properties. Swietenia macrophylla King seeds have been recognized for their medicinal potential, prompting an investigation into their pharmacognostical assessment, physicochemical characteristics, and phytochemical profiling. Additionally, the research explores the development of herbal mosquito repellent cones using natural binders to provide a sustainable alternative to synthetic repellents.Results: The phytochemical investigation of S. macrophylla King Seed showed that most of secondary metabolites extracted more successfully using polar solvents than non-polar ones. Additionally, an analysis of extractive values, moisture content, and ash composition including microscopic examination was conducted. The study identified significant antibacterial activity, particularly in the methanolic extract of Swietenia macrophylla King Seeds, demonstrating promising efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The bioactive compounds contributing to antimicrobial properties are revealed by the phytochemical analysis. Furthermore, the formulated mosquito repellent cones exhibited prolonged burning time, minimal ash content, and effective mosquito repellency, reinforcing their potential as a viable natural alternative.Conclusion: The findings highlight the pharmacological potential of Swietenia macrophylla King Seeds, emphasizing their antibacterial efficacy and suitability for natural insect-repellent formulations. The study reinforces the viability of plant-based solutions in tackling drug-resistant bacteria and mosquito control. Building on this current research concept, researchers have the capability to create herbal mosquito repellents that are environmentally friendly, affordable, and sustainable medical applications in the future.